Thursday 14 October 2010
Chocolate’s History
We tend to think of chocolate as a sweet candy created during modern times. But actually, chocolate dates back to the ancient peoples of Mesoamerica who drank chocolate as a bitter beverage.For these people, chocolate wasn’t just a favorite food—it also played an important role in their religious and social lives.The first people clearly known to have discovered the secret of cacao were the Classic Period Maya (250-900 C.E. [A.D.]).When mixed with water, Chile peppers, cornmeal, and other ingredients, this paste made a frothy, spicy chocolate drink.Many people in Classic Period Maya society could drink chocolate at least on occasion, although it was a particularly favored beverage for royalty. But in Aztec society, primarily rulers, priests, decorated soldiers, and honored merchants could partake of this sacred brew.Chocolate also played a special role in both Maya and Aztec royal and religious events. Priests presented cacao seeds as offerings to the gods and served chocolate drinks during sacred ceremonies.
The word "chocolate" entered the English language from Spanish.How the word came into Spanish is less certain, and there are multiple competing explanations. Perhaps the most cited explanation is that "chocolate" comes from Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, from the word "chocolātl", which many sources derived from the Nahuatl word "xocolātl" made up from the words "xococ" meaning sour or bitter, and "ātl" meaning water or drink.However, as William Bright noted the word "chocolatl" doesn't occur in central Mexican colonial sources making this an unlikely derivation. Santamaria gives a derivation from the Yucatec Maya word "chokol" meaning hot, and the Nahuatl "atl" meaning water. More recently Dakin and Wichmann derive it from another Nahuatl term, "chicolatl" from Eastern Nahuatl meaning "beaten drink".They derive this term from the word for the frothing stick, "chicoli".
Chocolate has been the center of several successful book and film adaptations. In 1964, Roald Dahl published a children's novel titled Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. The novel centers on a poor boy named Charlie Bucket who takes a tour through the greatest chocolate factory in the world, owned by Willy Wonka. Two film adaptations of the novel were produced. The first was Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, a 1971 film which later became a cult classic. Thirty-four years later, a second film adaptation was produced, titled Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. The 2005 film was very well received by critics and was one of the highest grossing films of its year, earning over US$470,000,000 worldwide.Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was also recognized at the 78th Academy Awards, where it was nominated for Best Costume Design for Gabriella Pesucci.
Chocolate is one of the most popular holiday gifts. On Valentine's Day, a box of chocolates is traditional, usually presented with flowers and a greeting card. It may be gifted on other holidays, including Christmas, Easter, Thanksgiving, and birthdays.
Posted by zulaiha mustafa at 06:25 0 comments
Easy Chocolate Beauty Recipes
Chocolate Facial Recipe
1/3 cup unsweetened cocoa powder
3 Tablespoons heavy cream
2 teaspoons cottage cheese
1/4 cup honey
3 teaspoons oatmeal powder
Mix all ingredients together. Apply to face and leave on for 10 minutes. Dampen with warm, moist wash cloth to remove, then apply moisturizer.
Chocolate Shampoo Recipe
1/4 cup water
1/4 cup castile soap
1/2 teaspoon extra virgin olive oil
1/2 teaspoon jojoba oil
5 drops of chocolate fragrance oil
Mix all ingredients. Pour shampoo into container and let stand for a few hours to thicken. Use as you would your regular shampoo.
Chocolate Body Scrub Recipe
1/4 cup cocoa butter (optional - will make a thicker gel)
3/4 cup liquid castille soap
1/8 cup coarse wheat bran or finely ground almonds
1/4 cup apricot kernel meal
1 Tablespoon unsweetened cocoa powder
2 Tablespoons dark brown sugar
1 Tablespoon jojoba oil
1/2 Tablespoon vitamin E oil
1 1/2 teaspoon chocolate fragrance oil
Melt the cocoa butter over low heat (or at half power in the microwave) until melted. Remove from heat. Add the castille soap and mix well. Stir in remaining ingredients, breaking up any brown sugar clumps. Pour into airtight container and let thicken for a day or two. For added freshness, store in refrigerator.
Chocolate Bath Gel Recipe
1/2 cup water
1 package unflavored gelatin
1/2 cup gentle, unscented shampoo
5-10 drops chocolate fragrance oil
Heat water to boiling, add gelatin and stir until dissolved. Remove from heat, then add the shampoo a little at a time until well mixed. Add fragrance. Pour into a clean container and refrigerate between uses. Consider adding cocoa powder for scent and extra exfoliation.
Posted by zulaiha mustafa at 06:06 0 comments
How to Make a Cross Knot Friendship Bracelet
1- Make sure you know how to tie the knots :
- Knot #1: Make a loop with the first string around the second string. Stick the end of the string that’s making the loop through the loop. Pull both ends of that string tight.
- Knot #2: Make a loop with all of the strings around your finger,and pull the loop off your finger and put one end of the string through the loop. Pull both ends tight.
- Cut off three strands from both balls of string that are about 28-30 inches (71 - 76 cm) long each. Use the ruler to measure.
- Tie “Knot #2" about an inch and a half (3.8 cm) from the top.
- Pretend that it’s purple. Grab all three strings and tie them around the pink strands making “Knot #1".
6- Keep going until you get a good length.
- It should look like this close-up at right
- Tie the ends together with a double-knot to complete the bracelet. Make sure that you can slip it on and off your wrist.
Posted by zulaiha mustafa at 00:12 0 comments
Wednesday 13 October 2010
HISTORY OF FRIENDSHIP DAY
Today, Friendship Day is being celebrated around the globe, across diverse cultures and social segments.
Posted by zulaiha mustafa at 22:26 0 comments
ABOUT MY FRIEND
In this blog I want to write about friendship. For me friendship is a blessed relationship. True friends cannot be purchased anywhere because friendship will only occur when have sincerity. I have four best friends who called Syafiqah, Suhaibah, Syahirah and Nisa. I still remember how I first meet Syafiqah and I always remember the memories. That morning , everyone busy look class shedule and list name which class will be studied. I also would not miss seeing and I my name in list class OM1E. Classes will start in a few minute but I still don't have freinds. Suddenly I saw three friends, two girls and one boy talking in a corner. Then I walked directly towards them along with my pink bag. When I reach in front of them I asking " You all class OM1E?" . One of two girls said " Yes, we all OM1E!" . I am pleased to say " Can I go to class together with all of you? " .The same girl answer can. She seem very friendly. After that, I start to be friends with the girl that name Syafiqah. Syafiqah and me always seated side by side in classes and do work together. We often sit together to hang out to see the behavior people around us. Even though we often fought, and sometimes Syafiqah sulk with me, but after a few days we are talking again as usual. Syafiqah was my first friend at the university and without she, I will feel lonely because no one would be sulk with me.
Suhaibah I've known since we a in a same group for work project. At first I was never directly criticized or even talk with she although we were in the same class. One day we got the same group for the presentation and she asked me to go along with her. Starting after that I continue to be friends with this girls who are interested in Korean singer. I am thankful to be friends with Suhaibah because she was very concerned about the feelings of friends and I can't find anyone to replace her.
Posted by zulaiha mustafa at 21:49 0 comments